Highlighted yellow are considered above an EMT-B knowledge level.

Select one MORPHINE FIVE PREVENT ANIMAL PLANT POTASSIUM ATROPINE FDA INHALED BLOOD VESSEL MICROORGANISMS CURE MINERALS SYNTHETIC VERSED TOPICALLY DIAGNOSIS SODIUM PHARMACOLOGY LIDOCAINE MOUTH is the study of drugs and their interactions with the body.

A drug is defined as a substance which can be taken by Select one MORPHINE FIVE PREVENT ANIMAL PLANT POTASSIUM ATROPINE FDA INHALED BLOOD VESSEL MICROORGANISMS CURE MINERALS SYNTHETIC VERSED TOPICALLY DIAGNOSIS SODIUM PHARMACOLOGY LIDOCAINE MOUTH , injected into a Select one MORPHINE FIVE PREVENT ANIMAL PLANT POTASSIUM ATROPINE FDA INHALED BLOOD VESSEL MICROORGANISMS CURE MINERALS SYNTHETIC VERSED TOPICALLY DIAGNOSIS MUSCLE SODIUM PHARMACOLOGY LIDOCAINE MOUTH , Select one MORPHINE FIVE PREVENT MUSCLE ANIMAL PLANT POTASSIUM ATROPINE FDA INHALED BLOOD VESSEL MICROORGANISMS CURE MINERALS SYNTHETIC VERSED TOPICALLY DIAGNOSIS SODIUM PHARMACOLOGY LIDOCAINE MOUTH , or cavity of the body. As well as Select one MORPHINE FIVE PREVENT ANIMAL PLANT POTASSIUM ATROPINE FDA INHALED BLOOD VESSEL MICROORGANISMS CURE MINERALS SYNTHETIC VERSED TOPICALLY DIAGNOSIS SODIUM PHARMACOLOGY LIDOCAINE MOUTH via the lungs and applied Select one MORPHINE FIVE PREVENT ANIMAL PLANT POTASSIUM ATROPINE FDA INHALED BLOOD VESSEL MICROORGANISMS CURE MINERALS SYNTHETIC VERSED TOPICALLY DIAGNOSIS SODIUM PHARMACOLOGY LIDOCAINE MOUTH onto the skin. In order for a drug to be approved by the Select one MORPHINE FIVE PREVENT ANIMAL PLANT POTASSIUM ATROPINE FDA INHALED BLOOD VESSEL MICROORGANISMS CURE MINERALS SYNTHETIC VERSED TOPICALLY DIAGNOSIS SODIUM PHARMACOLOGY LIDOCAINE MOUTH it must be proven to Select one MORPHINE FIVE PREVENT ANIMAL PLANT POTASSIUM ATROPINE FDA INHALED BLOOD VESSEL MICROORGANISMS CURE MINERALS SYNTHETIC VERSED TOPICALLY DIAGNOSIS SODIUM PHARMACOLOGY LIDOCAINE MOUTH , Select one MORPHINE FIVE PREVENT ANIMAL PLANT POTASSIUM ATROPINE FDA INHALED BLOOD VESSEL MICROORGANISMS CURE MINERALS SYNTHETIC VERSED TOPICALLY DIAGNOSIS SODIUM PHARMACOLOGY LIDOCAINE MOUTH , or Select one MORPHINE FIVE PREVENT ANIMAL PLANT POTASSIUM ATROPINE FDA INHALED BLOOD VESSEL MICROORGANISMS CURE MINERALS SYNTHETIC VERSED TOPICALLY DIAGNOSIS SODIUM PHARMACOLOGY LIDOCAINE MOUTH a disease or condition.
 

Drug Names

There are Select one CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE ACT benzodiazepines THREE FIVE OFFICIAL MORPHINE FEDERAL FOOD, DRUG, AND COSMETICS ACT UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA CHEMICAL NAME PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT OF 1906 HARRISON NARCOTIC ACT SHIRLEY AMENDMENT OF 1912 TRADE PHYSICIAN'S DESK REFERENCE USP DURHAM-HUMPHREY AMENDMENT SCHEDULES NO DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY FOUR GENERIC categories of drug names (actually there are 4 at an EMT-Basic level we focus of three). The Select one CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE ACT benzodiazepines FIVE OFFICIAL MORPHINE FEDERAL FOOD, DRUG, AND COSMETICS ACT UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA CHEMICAL NAME PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT OF 1906 HARRISON NARCOTIC ACT SHIRLEY AMENDMENT OF 1912 TRADE PHYSICIAN'S DESK REFERENCE USP DURHAM-HUMPHREY AMENDMENT SCHEDULES NO DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY FOUR GENERIC is the most detailed description of the drug and states the molecular structure along with chemical composition. The Select one CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE ACT benzodiazepines FIVE OFFICIAL MORPHINE FEDERAL FOOD, DRUG, AND COSMETICS ACT UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA CHEMICAL NAME PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT OF 1906 HARRISON NARCOTIC ACT SHIRLEY AMENDMENT OF 1912 TRADE PHYSICIAN'S DESK REFERENCE USP DURHAM-HUMPHREY AMENDMENT SCHEDULES NO DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY FOUR GENERIC name is nonproprietary name. Select one CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE ACT benzodiazepines FIVE OFFICIAL MORPHINE FEDERAL FOOD, DRUG, AND COSMETICS ACT UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA CHEMICAL NAME PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT OF 1906 HARRISON NARCOTIC ACT SHIRLEY AMENDMENT OF 1912 TRADE PHYSICIAN'S DESK REFERENCE USP DURHAM-HUMPHREY AMENDMENT SCHEDULES NO DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY FOUR GENERIC name is assigned to foster brand loyalty amount its customers or is a catchy name to allow customers to remember it or associate with it. The official name (4th name) is the acknowledged name by the FDA and listed with the letters Select one CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE ACT benzodiazepines FIVE OFFICIAL MORPHINE FEDERAL FOOD, DRUG, AND COSMETICS ACT UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA CHEMICAL NAME PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT OF 1906 HARRISON NARCOTIC ACT SHIRLEY AMENDMENT OF 1912 TRADE PHYSICIAN'S DESK REFERENCE USP DURHAM-HUMPHREY AMENDMENT SCHEDULES NO DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY FOUR GENERIC which stands for the United States Pharmacopeia.

General Properties of Drugs

Therapeutic effects describe what the drug will do. The drug Select one ABSOLUTE NITRO ABSORPTION CONCENTRATION INDICATION FOUR EXCRETION MAXIMUM PHARMACOKINETICS OFF RELATIVE SIDE ON ACTION BIOTRANSFORMATION BLOOD SINGLE THERAPUTIC DISTRIBUTION ALLERGIC explains how it causes the effects in the body. Select one ABSOLUTE NITRO ABSORPTION CONCENTRATION INDICATION FOUR EXCRETION MAXIMUM PHARMACOKINETICS OFF RELATIVE SIDE ON ACTION BIOTRANSFORMATION BLOOD SINGLE THERAPUTIC DISTRIBUTION ALLERGIC effects are untoward effects that come with the drug. Example is that Benadryl makes you tired. An adverse reaction to an untoward effect is categorized as being Select one ABSOLUTE NITRO ABSORPTION CONCENTRATION INDICATION FOUR EXCRETION MAXIMUM PHARMACOKINETICS OFF RELATIVE SIDE ON ACTION BIOTRANSFORMATION BLOOD SINGLE THERAPUTIC DISTRIBUTION ALLERGIC to it which may include systemic hives and difficulty breathing. Dose has many meanings; the Select one ABSOLUTE NITRO ABSORPTION CONCENTRATION INDICATION FOUR EXCRETION MAXIMUM PHARMACOKINETICS OFF RELATIVE SIDE ON ACTION BIOTRANSFORMATION BLOOD SINGLE THERAPUTIC DISTRIBUTION ALLERGIC dose is to total amount which may be given. The Select one ABSOLUTE NITRO ABSORPTION CONCENTRATION INDICATION FOUR EXCRETION MAXIMUM PHARMACOKINETICS OFF RELATIVE SIDE ON ACTION BIOTRANSFORMATION BLOOD SINGLE THERAPUTIC DISTRIBUTION ALLERGIC dose is the amount to be given per dose. Select one ABSOLUTE NITRO ABSORPTION CONCENTRATION INDICATION FOUR EXCRETION MAXIMUM PHARMACOKINETICS OFF RELATIVE SIDE ON ACTION BIOTRANSFORMATION BLOOD SINGLE THERAPUTIC DISTRIBUTION ALLERGIC is when to use the drug and has two categories; Select one ABSOLUTE NITRO ABSORPTION CONCENTRATION INDICATION FOUR EXCRETION MAXIMUM PHARMACOKINETICS OFF RELATIVE SIDE ON ACTION BIOTRANSFORMATION BLOOD SINGLE THERAPUTIC DISTRIBUTION ALLERGIC label which is what the drug has been studied and approved for and Select one ABSOLUTE NITRO ABSORPTION CONCENTRATION INDICATION FOUR EXCRETION MAXIMUM PHARMACOKINETICS OFF RELATIVE SIDE ON ACTION BIOTRANSFORMATION BLOOD SINGLE THERAPUTIC DISTRIBUTION ALLERGIC label which includes uses not involved in the study. Contraindicated means when not to use it. There are two categories; Select one ABSOLUTE NITRO ABSORPTION CONCENTRATION INDICATION FOUR EXCRETION MAXIMUM PHARMACOKINETICS OFF RELATIVE SIDE ON ACTION BIOTRANSFORMATION BLOOD SINGLE THERAPUTIC DISTRIBUTION ALLERGIC contraindications are when giving the drug is a case by case decision related to positive versus negative risks. Select one ABSOLUTE NITRO ABSORPTION CONCENTRATION INDICATION FOUR EXCRETION MAXIMUM PHARMACOKINETICS OFF RELATIVE SIDE ON ACTION BIOTRANSFORMATION BLOOD SINGLE THERAPUTIC DISTRIBUTION ALLERGIC contraindication is when you absolutely do not give it. For example the absolute contraindication for Select one ABSOLUTE NITRO ABSORPTION CONCENTRATION INDICATION FOUR EXCRETION MAXIMUM PHARMACOKINETICS OFF RELATIVE SIDE ON ACTION BIOTRANSFORMATION BLOOD SINGLE THERAPUTIC DISTRIBUTION ALLERGIC is 90 mmHg and the relative contraindication is 100 mmHg.

Routes

Intravenous (IV) injection is the Select one SUBCUTANEOUS SMALL INSTESTINE ONE INHALATION PR INTRAMUSCULAR FIVE CARDIAC PO TRANSCUTANEOUS PARENTERAL BONE FASTEST ORAL INTRAOSSEOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL ENTERAL and most reliably route of administration since the drug is given directly into the blood stream. Select one SUBCUTANEOUS SMALL INSTESTINE ONE INHALATION PR INTRAMUSCULAR FIVE CARDIAC PO TRANSCUTANEOUS PARENTERAL BONE FASTEST ORAL INTRAOSSEOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL ENTERAL which stands for "by mouth" is the Select one SUBCUTANEOUS SMALL INSTESTINE ONE INHALATION PR INTRAMUSCULAR FIVE CARDIAC PO TRANSCUTANEOUS PARENTERAL BONE FASTEST ORAL INTRAOSSEOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL ENTERAL route and takes about 20-30 minutes for most pills to start to work but substances like glucose, Tylenol and alcohol absorb much faster. Sublingual is absorption through the mucus membranes of the sublingual tissue. Most sublingual drugs are Select one SUBCUTANEOUS SMALL INSTESTINE ONE INHALATION PR INTRAMUSCULAR FIVE CARDIAC PO TRANSCUTANEOUS PARENTERAL BONE FASTEST ORAL INTRAOSSEOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL ENTERAL related. Select one SUBCUTANEOUS SMALL INSTESTINE ONE INHALATION PR INTRAMUSCULAR FIVE CARDIAC PO TRANSCUTANEOUS PARENTERAL BONE FASTEST ORAL INTRAOSSEOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL ENTERAL injection is when the needle enters the body at a 90 degree angle to the skin and administered into the middle of the muscle which allows for up to 2 mL (small muscles) to Select one SUBCUTANEOUS SMALL INSTESTINE ONE INHALATION PR INTRAMUSCULAR FIVE CARDIAC PO TRANSCUTANEOUS PARENTERAL BONE FASTEST ORAL INTRAOSSEOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL ENTERAL mL (larger muscles) to be given. Select one SUBCUTANEOUS SMALL INSTESTINE ONE INHALATION PR INTRAMUSCULAR FIVE CARDIAC PO TRANSCUTANEOUS PARENTERAL BONE FASTEST ORAL INTRAOSSEOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL ENTERAL injection is when the needle is placed at a 45 degree angle to the skin and typically does not exceed Select one SUBCUTANEOUS SMALL INSTESTINE ONE INHALATION PR INTRAMUSCULAR FIVE CARDIAC PO TRANSCUTANEOUS PARENTERAL BONE FASTEST ORAL INTRAOSSEOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL ENTERAL mL. SubQ is slower absorption than IM. Select one SUBCUTANEOUS SMALL INSTESTINE ONE INHALATION PR INTRAMUSCULAR FIVE CARDIAC PO TRANSCUTANEOUS PARENTERAL BONE FASTEST ORAL INTRAOSSEOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL ENTERAL is just as fast as IV and is given into the Select one SUBCUTANEOUS SMALL INSTESTINE ONE INHALATION PR INTRAMUSCULAR FIVE CARDIAC PO TRANSCUTANEOUS PARENTERAL BONE FASTEST ORAL INTRAOSSEOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL ENTERAL marrow. Select one SUBCUTANEOUS SMALL INSTESTINE ONE INHALATION PR INTRAMUSCULAR FIVE CARDIAC PO TRANSCUTANEOUS PARENTERAL BONE FASTEST ORAL INTRAOSSEOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL ENTERAL is when drugs are absorbed through the skin. Select one SUBCUTANEOUS SMALL INSTESTINE ONE INHALATION PR INTRAMUSCULAR FIVE CARDIAC PO TRANSCUTANEOUS PARENTERAL BONE FASTEST ORAL INTRAOSSEOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL ENTERAL is the second fastest route of absorption. Select one SUBCUTANEOUS SMALL INSTESTINE ONE INHALATION PR INTRAMUSCULAR FIVE CARDIAC PO TRANSCUTANEOUS PARENTERAL BONE FASTEST ORAL INTRAOSSEOUSE GASTROINTESTINAL ENTERAL stands for "per rectum" and is affected by contents so the dose is usually doubled.

Drug Forms

Select one GLUCOSE NITRANOX BLOOD-BRAIN GAS TRANSCUTANEOUS FAT BENZODIAZEPINES PILL SOLUTION TOPICAL MDI OXYGEN FREE TETRACYCLINE TASTE SUSPENSION PLASMA BONES ASA TABLETS are compressed powders like Nitro and Select one GLUCOSE NITRANOX BLOOD-BRAIN GAS TRANSCUTANEOUS FAT BENZODIAZEPINES PILL SOLUTION TOPICAL MDI OXYGEN FREE TETRACYCLINE TASTE SUSPENSION PLASMA BONES ASA (aspirin) TABLETS . Capsules are used to hide Select one GLUCOSE NITRANOX BLOOD-BRAIN GAS TRANSCUTANEOUS FAT BENZODIAZEPINES PILL SOLUTION TOPICAL MDI OXYGEN FREE TETRACYCLINE TASTE SUSPENSION PLASMA BONES ASA TABLETS or protect the drug from high pH (acid) levels. An IV bag of 0.9% Sodium Chloride is termed a Select one GLUCOSE NITRANOX BLOOD-BRAIN GAS TRANSCUTANEOUS FAT BENZODIAZEPINES PILL SOLUTION TOPICAL MDI OXYGEN FREE TETRACYCLINE TASTE SUSPENSION PLASMA BONES ASA TABLETS since it is a mixture of one or more substances. A Select one GLUCOSE NITRANOX BLOOD-BRAIN GAS TRANSCUTANEOUS FAT BENZODIAZEPINES PILL SOLUTION TOPICAL MDI OXYGEN FREE TETRACYCLINE TASTE SUSPENSION PLASMA BONES ASA TABLETS is a mixture of particle distributed throughout a liquid by shaking; examples are MDI albuterol and charcoal. Select one GLUCOSE NITRANOX BLOOD-BRAIN GAS TRANSCUTANEOUS FAT BENZODIAZEPINES PILL SOLUTION TOPICAL MDI OXYGEN FREE TETRACYCLINE TASTE SUSPENSION PLASMA BONES ASA TABLETS is a miniature spray container used to direct drugs through the mouth into the lungs. Select one GLUCOSE NITRANOX BLOOD-BRAIN GAS TRANSCUTANEOUS FAT BENZODIAZEPINES PILL SOLUTION TOPICAL MDI OXYGEN FREE TETRACYCLINE TASTE SUSPENSION PLASMA BONES ASA TABLETS drugs are meant to stay on the top of the skin like Neosporin and sun lotions. Select one GLUCOSE NITRANOX BLOOD-BRAIN GAS TRANSCUTANEOUS FAT BENZODIAZEPINES PILL SOLUTION TOPICAL MDI OXYGEN FREE TETRACYCLINE TASTE SUSPENSION PLASMA BONES ASA TABLETS drugs are designed to be absorbed into circulation through the skin like birth control patches and motion sickness patches. Select one GLUCOSE NITRANOX BLOOD-BRAIN GAS TRANSCUTANEOUS FAT BENZODIAZEPINES PILL SOLUTION TOPICAL MDI OXYGEN FREE TETRACYCLINE TASTE SUSPENSION PLASMA BONES ASA TABLETS is via inhalation which include O2 and laughing gas known as Select one GLUCOSE NITRONOX BLOOD-BRAIN GAS TRANSCUTANEOUS FAT BENZODIAZEPINES PILL SOLUTION TOPICAL MDI OXYGEN FREE TETRACYCLINE TASTE SUSPENSION PLASMA BONES ASA TABLETS . A Select one GLUCOSE NITRANOX BLOOD-BRAIN GAS TRANSCUTANEOUS FAT BENZODIAZEPINES PILL SOLUTION TOPICAL MDI OXYGEN FREE TETRACYCLINE TASTE SUSPENSION PLASMA BONES ASA TABLETS is a solid material like vitamins or antibiotics that are cut/molded into a manageable size to swallow.

Drug Detoxification and Removal

Drug detoxification primarily takes place in the liver.  Think of the liver as a swimming pool filter. 

Drug excretion is the elimination of toxic or inactive metabolites from the body which primarily takes place in the Select one KIDNEYS PERITONEAL AGE LIVER EXCRETION METABOLITE HEMODIALYSIS BIOTRANSFORMATION but can also be accomplished in the intestines, lungs, sweat glands, mammary glands.

Factors that influence actions of drugs are; Select one KIDNEYS PERITONEAL AGE LIVER EXCRETION METABOLITE HEMODIALYSIS BIOTRANSFORMATION , body mass (weight), and temperature along with many others.

So remember that people who have poor liver and kidney function along with the elderly have problems metabolizing (using/removing) drugs from their body.